What UTM parameters are and which ones matter
UTM parameters are five query string tags that tell an analytics tool where a visit came from. utm_source is the referrer (google, facebook, newsletter), utm_medium the channel type (cpc, paid-social, email, organic), utm_campaign the campaign or promotion, utm_content the ad or link inside it, and utm_term the keyword or audience. GA4 reads the first three to build its channel groupings; most attribution tools read all five. The name comes from Urchin Tracking Module, the software Google bought in 2005 to become Google Analytics, and the format has not changed since.
Source and medium are the two that break reporting when they are wrong. GA4 only files a session under Paid Social or Email if utm_medium is one of the values it recognises; "paidsocial" without the hyphen, or "Facebook Ads" as a medium, lands in Unassigned. The builder's presets carry the recognised values, and the score warns when a medium is not one of them.


